Lessons learned from dengue surveillance and research. A 2016 study estimated nearly 60 million symptomatic dengue cases worldwide every year estimates including asymptomatic cases are at least six times higher, resulting in about 10 000 deaths. Dengue viruses are spread to people through the bite of an infected aedes species ae. The dengue vaccine dilemma the lancet infectious diseases. In the 20 dengue outbreak in singapore, a significant rise in the number of dengue fever cases was reported in singapore. Dengue is the most common mosquitotransmitted viral infectious disease. From the unpublished data from dengue surveillance system, vector borne disease section, ministry of health moh malaysia, there is a trend of increasing cases of dengue from 16,368 cases in 2001 to 46, 171cases in 2010. Dengue viral infection the most rapidly spreading mosquitoborne viral disease in the world dengue virus. The goal of the global strategy is to reduce the burden of dengue. Ongoing outbreak of dengue serotype3 in solomon islands, january to may 20 outbreak investigation report francisco nogareda, a cynthia joshua, bc alison sio, b matthew shortus, c tenneth dalipanda, b kara durski, c jennie musto, c elliot puiahi, d alfred dofai, d john aaskov, e van mai caolormeau, f didier musso, f nick dutta, c juliet fleisch c and eric nilles a a. Las nuevas clasificaciones clinicas son dengue y dengue. In response, laboratorybased surveillance for dengue was initiated in 1974. While a lot is known about dengue activity in several caribbean countries, like puerto rico and cuba, very little is known about dengue in haiti.
This global strategy for dengue prevention and control, 20122020 aims to address this need. The 20 2014 chikungunya outbreak represented the first recorded outbreak of the disease outside of tropical africa and asia. There are numerous policy challenges to providing an effective public health response system in a fragile state. An outbreak of dengue fever occurred in delhi, india after rainy season in the year 20. South sudan was reassigned to the who african region in may 20 and is therefore listed. In the week of 1622 june 20, there was a record of 842 dengue cases in singapore in a single week. Dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf, a potentially lethal complication, was first. The number of countries reporting dengue cases is increasing worldwide.
Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control new edition neglected tropical diseases ntd tdr world health organization hivaids, tuberculosis and malaria htm 20, avenue appia world health organization 1211 geneva 27. The literature has been touched by famous names in medicine benjamin rush, walter reed, and albert sabin, to name a very few and has been fertile ground for medical historians. Public health responses to a dengue outbreak in a fragile. Dengue virus was detected in 71% samples with highest number of patients infected by denv2 86% followed by denv1 19 % and denv3 8%. Blood samples n 323 were collected along with epidemiological and clinical data from suspected dengue patients who visited different hospitals in swat and mansehra district of pakistan between maynovember 20 during a dengue outbreak. Dengue virus current topics in microbiology and immunology scientific research on dengue has a long and rich history. Plasma leakage and intrinsic coagulopathy are the pathological hall marks in dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf. The 2024 year age group had the highest suspected dengue case rate at 171. Who nursing and midwifery progress report 20082012. Cellmediated immunity in dengue vaccine development vaccine 27.
We estimated dengue mortality, incidence, and burden by age, sex, and country, as estimated for the global burden of disease study 20. The third edition, 20 of the national guideline on dengue syndrome. Modeling dengue virus infection patients for each severity 3 visiting areas where the disease is common i. This is intended to reach all levels of the health eare services which would lead to reduction in morbidity and prevention of mortality duc to dengue illness. Dengue resurged in singapore during 20 14, causing an outbreak with unprecedented number of cases in the country. Dengue outbreak federated states of micronesia, 201220. Dengue virus transmission by blood stem cell donor donor interests and recipient needs. The rapidly expanding global footprint of dengue is a public health challenge with an. Pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever and its impact. Ongoing outbreak of dengue serotype3 in solomon islands. The global distribution and burden of dengue nature. Dengue bulletin, 20, vol37 world health organization. Molecular investigation of 20 dengue fever outbreak from.
Den1, den2,den3, and den4 family flaviviridae genus flavivirus single stranded rna virus asian genotypes of den2 and den3. It gradually subsides in october or november as shown in figure 1. Dengue virus specific rtpcr was carried out on 378 suspected blood samples that were collected during the outbreak. This figure was far beyond the highest number of cases per week in the years 2010, 2011 and 2012.
Dengue outbreak in madeira 2012 european centre for. Shortly after the first case the disease began to spread rapidly throughout the caribbean region. Since january 20, approximately 1,970 suspected and confirmed dengue cases have been reported, resulting in three deaths. Two years ahead of the deadline, the global tuberculosis report 20. This could have been easily accomplished in this case, because preprocedure samples from the donor tested positive for denv ns1 antigen. From 26 september 2012 to 3 march 20, the autonomous province of madeira, portugal, reported its first dengue outbreak dengue 1 virus. This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence outbreak of dengue fever in district swat to study the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of dengue fever and to conduct the populationbased surveillance for determining the proportion of. Dengue is a selflimited, systemic viral infection transmitted between humans by mosquitoes. Crossisland expressways opened in the mid1970s, resulting in increased detection of dengue cases. Epidemic resurgence of dengue fever in singapore in 20.
Estimating dengue incidence and hospitalization in. The persons most affected by the dengue outbreak were aged 1539 years. This data clearly depicts the increasing rate of dengue fever in trivandrum. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic. It was the first sustained transmission of dengue in the european union since the 1920s. Who presents world health statistics 20 as an in tegral part of.
Forty percent of the worlds population, about 3 billion people, live in areas with a risk of dengue. Even as dengue spreads inset, redder colors indicate higher infection risk, a new serotype is likely circulating among macaques on borneo. As per the latest records 434 patients were admitted with dengue fever in the month of may in trivandrum. All diagnostic tools should be used to minimize the risk for viral transmission before transplantation. This paper evaluates the dengue case notification, surveillance, laboratory facilities. The dengue seroprevalence in urban areas over the same period was constant. Guidelines for the evaluation of dengue vaccines in endemic areas whoivb 08. Inset jane messina bangkok dispatches from the frontlines of the war on dengue are growing more and more dispiriting. The figure above shows the number n 728 and rate of suspected dengue cases, by age group and rapid diagnostic test rdt result in kosrae state, federated states of micronesia during 2012 20. Nepal saw its first dengue outbreak in 2010, with 96% of cases reported in three districts. In october 20 week 41, a 53yearold women patient 1 and 2 other members of the householdher 52yearold husband patient 2 and her 42yearold soninlaw patient 3experienced a mild dengue like illness consisting of low fever pdf 103. What characteristics do these places have in common. Viral virulence, infection enhancing antibodies, cytokines and chemical mediators in the setting of intense immune activation are the key players implicated in the pathogenesis of dhf.
Dengue virus transmission by blood stem cell donor after. Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Classification of dengue outbreak using data mining models. Dengue fever df is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes aegypti mosquitoes with major public health consequences for millions of people around the world, and in particular the southeast asia and asiapacific regions of the world health organization who. Dengue is often a leading cause of illness in areas. In december 20, the first locally transmitted case of chikungunya in the americas was detected in saint martin.
In the last 5 months 2174 confirmed dengue fever cases were reported in kerala. The dengue incident rate decreased at a mean rate of 2. Asiapacific region 14 20 may, 20, natural disasters and other events being monitored by. Guidelines for plaque reduction neutralization testing of human antibodies to dengue. Ce document est disponible integralement en format electronique pdf sur le. The global burden of disease study 20 was an effort to comprehensively and systematically estimate death and disability from 306 causes, producing estimates by year, age, sex, and country for 1990 20. In thailand, every year, the increasing dengue incidence rate starts in may. Among these researcher 24, a study in 2 classification of dengue outbreak using data mining models noor diana ahmad tarmizi, farha jamaluddin, azuraliza abu bakar, zulaiha ali othman, abdul razak hamdan research notes in information science rnis. Who regional office for southeast asia, in collaboration with the western pacific region, jointly publish the annual dengue bulletin.
Dengue is a mosquitoborne infection, which in recent years has become a major international public health concern. The national institutes of health nih introduced a new era of dengue vaccine research when they constructed viable cdna clones of denv4 wrair 814669, dominica, 1981 see table 441. Dengue burden and case fatality rate in thailand in thailand, the first outbreak of dengue was in 1958 when the figure 2 cfr of dengue in asean countries. There are several researchers who work on dengue outbreak detection models 210. The objective of the bulletin is to disseminate updated information on the current status of dengue fever dengue haemorrhagic fever. Outbreaks of dengue occur primarily in the endemic regions of the tropics and subtropics where aedes aegypti and albopictus mosquitoes live. Dengue is found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, predominantly in urban and semiurban areas. Dengue is common in more than 100 countries around the world. Samples were tested for the detection of viral nucleic acid by realtime pcr, non structural protein1 ns1 antigen and igm. In the present study, we summarise the epidemiological, virological and entomological findings gathered through the dengue surveillance programme and highlight the drivers of the epidemic.
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